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Audio file types: what are they, and what is the difference?

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If you lot're looking to use, re-create, or edit audio files you lot should exist aware of the various types, and the differences betwixt them. While most of the all-time audio editing software (opens in new tab) packages volition allow you to work with most common file types, it's important to be aware of which ones perform all-time nether specific circumstances. Some are superior for listening and copying, whereas others play nicely with video and are easier to piece of work with in terms of mixing and editing.

If your called audio file blazon is in the wrong format for your needs, you lot can always get hold of ane of the best sound converter software (opens in new tab) programs and accommodate it. Some are free, and nigh are easy to use, so information technology doesn't take much to go your audio files exactly every bit you need them. Beneath are the about common audio file types, what each one means, and what the main differences are between them. If you're in any doubt most what type of file y'all're working with, the extension will tell you, and we've included all mutual extension names with each entry.

The best home computers (opens in new tab) will happily recognize all the post-obit file types, and most volition play on all modern smartphones and tablets.

Waveform Sound (.wav)

Waveform Audio (.wav) is a common file format. Created by Microsoft and IBM, WAV was one of the kickoff audio file types developed for the PC. WAV files are defined as lossless, significant that files are large and complete; nothing has been lost. Professionally recorded CDs are also a lossless audio source. In contrast, the three audio formats listed below are lossy-redundant and non-auditory information is removed to permit for more meaty storage; in essence, some information has been lost. This process of removing information to shrink the file size is called pinch. The three file formats below must brainstorm with a lossless format (such as a computer WAV file) and then compress it. Most lossy formats boast little or no detectable change in audio quality. Only because each compressing format selects the deleteable data differently, converting i compressed file into another lossy format will sometimes result in lower quality audio. Once more, always outset with a WAV file, then compress.

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MPEG-1 or ii Audio Layer 3 (.mp3)

MPEG-1 or two Sound Layer iii (.mp3) is a common, compressed WAV file. MPEG-i files are nearly 1-twelfth the size of WAV files. This is why MP3 players can adapt hundreds of songs on a tiny chunk of storage infinite.

Windows Media Audio (.wma) was adult to compete with the MP3 format for Windows Media Player. Microsoft claims that the WMA files are compressed 3 times more than MP3s yet retain their original sound quality.

Advanced Sound Coding (.aac)

This is the audio file format used by Apple for iTunes and Music, and it's designed to be superior to regular mp3s. AAC compresses better than mp3, losing less audio quality than its older cousin. The main drawback is that AAC files take a fiddling longer to encode than mp3, and then batch audio conversion takes a longer.

Ogg Vorbis (.ogg)

Ogg Vorbis (.ogg) is another compressed source code like to MP3, only similar WMA, more compressed. Ogg Vorbis is as well open source (complimentary to all, unlicensed, no strings attached). While MP3 compresses data at a abiding bit charge per unit, Ogg uses a variable bit rate. To illustrate-if yous are copying chunks of silence into MP3 format, the pinch bit rate stays the same as if you were compressing the sound of an entire orchestra. Just if you are copying chunks of silence into Ogg, your compression rate volition driblet to aught. The rate varies with the need.

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Other audio file types

• Musical Instrument Digital Interface (.midi) Musical Instrument Digital Interface (.midi) is commonly used for computer keyboards and other reckoner-based musical tools. MIDI files incorporate musical notes, rhythm notation and other data often needed past a composer.
• Audio Interchange File (.aif, .aifc or .aiff.) Audio Interchange File (.aif, .aifc or .aiff.) was developed for the Mac computer to shop audio files.
• Sun Audio (.au) Lord's day Sound (.au) or Audio/Basic was adult by Sunday Microsystems for use on UNIX systems.
• Emblaze Audio (.ea) Emblaze Sound (.ea) was created by Geo and offers compression like to MP3 formats, merely its purpose is to be played with a Coffee applet-a miniature Cyberspace program. Online greeting cards oftentimes use JAVA applet programs for motion and .ea sound files to play music.

• For more than sound content, check our guide to the best audiobook services (opens in new tab)
• For more editing content, here'due south our guide to the all-time video editing software (opens in new tab)

Ian has been a journalist for xx years. He'due south written for magazines and websites on subjects such as video games, technology, PC hardware, pop (and unpopular) scientific discipline, gardening and astronomy. In his spare fourth dimension he has a pet tortoise and grows his ain vegetables. He also has a passion for cameras and photography, and has written for TTR on these subjects.

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